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Data Sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data
Disclaimer: This site is an independent journalism project. Data analysis and editorial content are not affiliated with or endorsed by CMS or any government agency. All spending figures are based on publicly available Medicare payment records.
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ยฉ 2026 OpenMedicare. Independent data journalism. Built by TheDataProject.ai

Methodologyโ€ขDownload Data
  1. Home
  2. Providers
  3. Andrew Cho
๐Ÿ‘๏ธ
MDIndividual

Andrew Cho, M.D.

NPI: 1225072481
Los Angeles, CA
10 years of data
Ophthalmology
$17.8M
Total Payments
111.7K
Beneficiaries
169.0K
Services
2.35x
Markup Ratio

Peer Comparison

99th
percentile in specialty
This provider$17.8M
Specialty median$383.7K

๐Ÿ“‹ Key Findings

1Billed $17.8M over 10 years
22.35x markup ratio (above median)
399th percentile in Ophthalmology by payments
468 services/day โ€” unusually high
54 procedures with >3x markup

This provider averages 68 services per working day

Based on 169.0K total services over 10 years (250 working days/year). Learn about impossible service volumes โ†’

๐Ÿ”Ž Data Analysis

This provider's $17.8M in total Medicare payments ranks in the 99th percentile of Ophthalmology providers nationally.

Averaging 68 services per working day raises questions about billing patterns.

AI-generated analysis based on Medicare payment data.

Annual Medicare Payments

Annual Services Provided

Avg Payment per Service

Markup Ratio Over Time

Submitted Charges vs. Medicare Payments

Average per-service amounts submitted by the provider compared to what Medicare actually paid โ€” the gap represents the markup.

YearAvg SubmittedAvg PaidMarkup RatioGap per ServiceTotal PaymentsServicesBeneficiaries
2014$323.26$145.152.23x$178.11$2.0M20.0K14.3K
2015$362.37$152.092.38x$210.28$2.0M19.6K13.5K
2016$411.63$146.132.82x$265.50$1.9M19.0K13.3K
2017$397.39$144.172.76x$253.22$1.7M18.5K12.8K
2018$461.12$168.192.74x$292.93$1.7M18.8K12.2K
2019$408.44$144.592.82x$263.85$2.1M20.4K12.7K
2020$520.89$221.852.35x$299.04$1.5M14.1K9.0K
2021$411.79$164.742.50x$247.05$1.8M14.8K8.9K
2022$500.45$197.072.54x$303.38$1.7M13.0K8.1K
2023$502.42$186.452.69x$315.97$1.5M10.9K6.8K

Top Procedures (20)

68761Closure of tear duct opening using plug
$2.2M
12.7K services$171.08/svc1.58x markup
92012Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient
$2.2M
30.6K services$70.52/svc1.70x markup
92014Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient, 1 or more visits
$1.6M
17.0K services$95.97/svc1.67x markup
J0178Injection, aflibercept, 1 mg
$1.4M
2.0K services$722.40/svc2.54x markup
65855Laser repair to improve eye fluid flow, 1 or more sessions
$1.4M
6.4K services$220.26/svc2.73x markup
68840Probing of nasal-tear duct
$1.2M
7.9K services$149.98/svc1.83x markup
92250Photography of the retina
$822.4K
17.5K services$47.11/svc2.54x markup
66984Removal of cataract with insertion of lensโš  3.3x markup
$730.0K
1.5K services$484.74/svc3.30x markup
92083Measurement of field of vision during daylight conditions
$619.1K
11.9K services$52.00/svc2.31x markup
92235Examination of retinal blood vessels by ophthalmoscope
$567.4K
6.2K services$91.52/svc2.19x markup
65800Aspiration of eye fluid
$475.2K
4.7K services$100.74/svc2.98x markup
66821Removal of recurring cataract in lens capsule using laser
$472.4K
1.7K services$283.57/svc1.95x markup
67228Laser destruction of leaking retinal blood vessels, 1 or more sessions
$419.2K
636 services$659.12/svc2.13x markup
92134Diagnostic imaging of retina
$306.0K
8.4K services$36.25/svc2.76x markup
65210Removal of foreign body in external eye, conjunctiva or scleraโš  3.5x markup
$305.1K
5.1K services$59.62/svc3.46x markup
66174Dilation to improve eye fluid flow
$295.2K
384 services$768.63/svc1.95x markup
67028Injection of drug into eyeโš  9.3x markup
$267.7K
5.1K services$52.55/svc9.35x markup
67210Laser destruction of retinal growth, 1 or more sessions
$260.1K
587 services$443.14/svc2.49x markup
76513Ultrasound of eye using water bath method
$194.6K
2.4K services$79.96/svc2.53x markup
67820Removal of eyelashes by forcepsโš  4.7x markup
$193.3K
6.3K services$30.53/svc4.72x markup
Show detailed table โ–พ
CodeDescriptionServicesPaymentsAvg/ServiceMarkup
68761Closure of tear duct opening using plug12.7K$2.2M$171.081.58x
92012Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient30.6K$2.2M$70.521.70x
92014Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient, 1 or more visits17.0K$1.6M$95.971.67x
J0178Injection, aflibercept, 1 mg2.0K$1.4M$722.402.54x
65855Laser repair to improve eye fluid flow, 1 or more sessions6.4K$1.4M$220.262.73x
68840Probing of nasal-tear duct7.9K$1.2M$149.981.83x
92250Photography of the retina17.5K$822.4K$47.112.54x
66984Removal of cataract with insertion of lens1.5K$730.0K$484.743.30x
92083Measurement of field of vision during daylight conditions11.9K$619.1K$52.002.31x
92235Examination of retinal blood vessels by ophthalmoscope6.2K$567.4K$91.522.19x
65800Aspiration of eye fluid4.7K$475.2K$100.742.98x
66821Removal of recurring cataract in lens capsule using laser1.7K$472.4K$283.571.95x
67228Laser destruction of leaking retinal blood vessels, 1 or more sessions636$419.2K$659.122.13x
92134Diagnostic imaging of retina8.4K$306.0K$36.252.76x
65210Removal of foreign body in external eye, conjunctiva or sclera5.1K$305.1K$59.623.46x
66174Dilation to improve eye fluid flow384$295.2K$768.631.95x
67028Injection of drug into eye5.1K$267.7K$52.559.35x
67210Laser destruction of retinal growth, 1 or more sessions587$260.1K$443.142.49x
76513Ultrasound of eye using water bath method2.4K$194.6K$79.962.53x
67820Removal of eyelashes by forceps6.3K$193.3K$30.534.72x

Markup Analysis

Charge-to-Payment Ratio

2.35x

This provider submits charges 2.35 times higher than what Medicare actually pays.

What This Means

A markup ratio of 2.35x means for every $100 Medicare pays, this provider initially charges $235. This is higher than the national average.

Location

Los Angeles, CA

Provider Verification

Always verify provider credentials and location before scheduling appointments. This data reflects Medicare payments and may not include all practice locations.

Similar Providers

Other Ophthalmology providers in CA for peer comparison.

Andrew Cho (you)
$17.8M
Nathan Steinle, M.D.
$63.1M
Stephen Couvillion, MD
$47.7M
Margaret Chang, M.D.
$47.6M
David Boyer, MD
$47.5M
Alessandro Castellarin, M.D.
$46.9M
Show detailed table โ–พ
ProviderLocationTotal PaymentsStatus
Nathan Steinle, M.D.Santa Barbara, CA$63.1Mโœ“ Clear
Stephen Couvillion, MDSanta Barbara, CA$47.7Mโœ“ Clear
Margaret Chang, M.D.Sacramento, CA$47.6Mโœ“ Clear
David Boyer, MDLos Angeles, CA$47.5Mโœ“ Clear
Alessandro Castellarin, M.D.Santa Barbara, CA$46.9Mโœ“ Clear

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Data Sources

  • โ€ข Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
  • โ€ข Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data (2014-2023)
  • โ€ข National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES)

Last Updated: February 2026 (data through 2023, the latest CMS release)

Note: All data is from publicly available Medicare records. OpenMedicare is an independent journalism project not affiliated with CMS.

Believe this data is inaccurate? Dispute this data