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Data Sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data
Disclaimer: This site is an independent journalism project. Data analysis and editorial content are not affiliated with or endorsed by CMS or any government agency. All spending figures are based on publicly available Medicare payment records.
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ยฉ 2026 OpenMedicare. Independent data journalism. Built by TheDataProject.ai

Methodologyโ€ขDownload Data
  1. Home
  2. Providers
  3. Joshua Robinson
๐Ÿ‘๏ธ
MDIndividual

Joshua Robinson, MD

NPI: 1770741381
Royal Oak, MI
10 years of data
Ophthalmology
$14.7M
Total Payments
142
Beneficiaries
126.6K
Services
2.54x
Markup Ratio

Peer Comparison

99th
percentile in specialty
This provider$14.7M
Specialty median$383.7K

๐Ÿ“‹ Key Findings

1Billed $14.7M over 10 years
22.54x markup ratio (above median)
399th percentile in Ophthalmology by payments
451 services/day โ€” unusually high
5Payments surged 654% in 2015
69 procedures with >3x markup

This provider averages 51 services per working day

Based on 126.6K total services over 10 years (250 working days/year). Learn about impossible service volumes โ†’

๐Ÿ”Ž Data Analysis

This provider's $14.7M in total Medicare payments ranks in the 99th percentile of Ophthalmology providers nationally.

Averaging 51 services per working day raises questions about billing patterns.

Medicare payments to this provider grew 18880% from 2014 to 2023.

AI-generated analysis based on Medicare payment data.

Annual Medicare Payments

Annual Services Provided

Avg Payment per Service

Markup Ratio Over Time

๐Ÿ“ˆ

Notable: Payments increased 654% in 2015

Year-over-year payment surges can indicate changes in practice volume, new services, or billing pattern shifts.

Submitted Charges vs. Medicare Payments

Average per-service amounts submitted by the provider compared to what Medicare actually paid โ€” the gap represents the markup.

YearAvg SubmittedAvg PaidMarkup RatioGap per ServiceTotal PaymentsServicesBeneficiaries
2014$251.26$83.952.99x$167.31$19.7K23510
2015$373.27$99.463.75x$273.81$148.7K1.5K16
2016$545.53$136.114.01x$409.42$319.0K2.3K14
2017$541.89$207.702.61x$334.19$864.4K4.2K17
2018$498.60$213.612.33x$284.99$1.4M6.5K14
2019$518.90$215.572.41x$303.33$1.4M6.6K11
2020$546.88$224.502.44x$322.38$1.4M6.3K14
2021$549.39$236.882.32x$312.51$2.5M10.5K15
2022$354.92$139.182.55x$215.74$2.9M21.1K17
2023$147.55$55.522.66x$92.03$3.7M67.4K14

Top Procedures (20)

J0178Injection, aflibercept, 1 mg
$7.9M
10.9K services$721.32/svc2.04x markup
J2778Injection, ranibizumab, 0.1 mg
$2.4M
8.8K services$269.14/svc1.91x markup
J2777Injection, faricimab-svoa, 0.1 mg
$1.9M
65.5K services$29.09/svc2.89x markup
67028Injection of drug into eyeโš  8.1x markup
$795.0K
9.3K services$85.53/svc8.11x markup
92134Imaging of retinaโš  3.1x markup
$437.0K
15.2K services$28.84/svc3.06x markup
92014Established patient complete exam of visual system
$359.3K
4.4K services$81.46/svc2.46x markup
99213Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 20-29 minutes
$319.4K
5.0K services$63.69/svc2.06x markup
92012Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient
$130.2K
2.1K services$62.47/svc1.89x markup
J9035Injection, bevacizumab, 10 mg
$107.0K
1.9K services$54.94/svc3.00x markup
99204New patient office or other outpatient visit, 45-59 minutes
$106.3K
938 services$113.35/svc2.26x markup
J0179Injection, brolucizumab-dbll, 1 mg
$79.2K
360 services$219.99/svc2.59x markup
92004New patient complete exam of visual system
$74.2K
717 services$103.50/svc2.78x markup
99214Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-39 minutes
$38.5K
493 services$78.10/svc2.48x markup
67108Repair of detached retina with drainage and removal of eye fluid between lens and retinaโš  6.8x markup
$33.1K
38 services$870.31/svc6.83x markup
67042Removal of membrane from the retina, pars plana approachโš  6.0x markup
$22.9K
36 services$634.80/svc6.00x markup
92235Exam of retinal blood vessels using a special camera after injection of a dyeโš  3.7x markup
$20.8K
212 services$98.20/svc3.69x markup
765122d ultrasound scan of eye tissue and structuresโš  6.4x markup
$14.2K
259 services$55.01/svc6.43x markup
67228Destruction of leaking blood vessels of retina using laserโš  8.7x markup
$10.7K
43 services$248.11/svc8.65x markup
92250Photography of the retinaโš  4.1x markup
$10.1K
212 services$47.71/svc4.11x markup
99203New patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-44 minutesโš  3.1x markup
$8.5K
119 services$71.79/svc3.09x markup
Show detailed table โ–พ
CodeDescriptionServicesPaymentsAvg/ServiceMarkup
J0178Injection, aflibercept, 1 mg10.9K$7.9M$721.322.04x
J2778Injection, ranibizumab, 0.1 mg8.8K$2.4M$269.141.91x
J2777Injection, faricimab-svoa, 0.1 mg65.5K$1.9M$29.092.89x
67028Injection of drug into eye9.3K$795.0K$85.538.11x
92134Imaging of retina15.2K$437.0K$28.843.06x
92014Established patient complete exam of visual system4.4K$359.3K$81.462.46x
99213Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 20-29 minutes5.0K$319.4K$63.692.06x
92012Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient2.1K$130.2K$62.471.89x
J9035Injection, bevacizumab, 10 mg1.9K$107.0K$54.943.00x
99204New patient office or other outpatient visit, 45-59 minutes938$106.3K$113.352.26x
J0179Injection, brolucizumab-dbll, 1 mg360$79.2K$219.992.59x
92004New patient complete exam of visual system717$74.2K$103.502.78x
99214Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-39 minutes493$38.5K$78.102.48x
67108Repair of detached retina with drainage and removal of eye fluid between lens and retina38$33.1K$870.316.83x
67042Removal of membrane from the retina, pars plana approach36$22.9K$634.806.00x
92235Exam of retinal blood vessels using a special camera after injection of a dye212$20.8K$98.203.69x
765122d ultrasound scan of eye tissue and structures259$14.2K$55.016.43x
67228Destruction of leaking blood vessels of retina using laser43$10.7K$248.118.65x
92250Photography of the retina212$10.1K$47.714.11x
99203New patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-44 minutes119$8.5K$71.793.09x

Markup Analysis

Charge-to-Payment Ratio

2.54x

This provider submits charges 2.54 times higher than what Medicare actually pays.

What This Means

A markup ratio of 2.54x means for every $100 Medicare pays, this provider initially charges $254. This is higher than the national average.

Location

Royal Oak, MI

Provider Verification

Always verify provider credentials and location before scheduling appointments. This data reflects Medicare payments and may not include all practice locations.

Similar Providers

Other Ophthalmology providers in MI for peer comparison.

Joshua Robinson (you)
$14.7M
Sandeep Randhawa, MD
$44.6M
Scott Sneed, MD
$39.4M
Jeremy Wolfe, MD
$39.4M
Douglas Covert, MD, MPH
$34.7M
Show detailed table โ–พ
ProviderLocationTotal PaymentsStatus
Sandeep Randhawa, MDRoyal Oak, MI$44.6Mโœ“ Clear
Scott Sneed, MDTraverse City, MI$39.4Mโœ“ Clear
Jeremy Wolfe, MDRoyal Oak, MI$39.4Mโœ“ Clear
Douglas Covert, MD, MPHTraverse City, MI$34.7Mโœ“ Clear

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Data Sources

  • โ€ข Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
  • โ€ข Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data (2014-2023)
  • โ€ข National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES)

Last Updated: February 2026 (data through 2023, the latest CMS release)

Note: All data is from publicly available Medicare records. OpenMedicare is an independent journalism project not affiliated with CMS.

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