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Data Sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data
Disclaimer: This site is an independent journalism project. Data analysis and editorial content are not affiliated with or endorsed by CMS or any government agency. All spending figures are based on publicly available Medicare payment records.
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ยฉ 2026 OpenMedicare. Independent data journalism. Built by TheDataProject.ai

Methodologyโ€ขDownload Data
  1. Home
  2. Providers
  3. Madhu Agarwal
๐Ÿ‘๏ธ
MDIndividual

Madhu Agarwal, M.D.

NPI: 1780609933
Redlands, CA
10 years of data
Ophthalmology
$4.6M
Total Payments
33.4K
Beneficiaries
62.4K
Services
2.24x
Markup Ratio

Peer Comparison

96th
percentile in specialty
This provider$4.6M
Specialty median$383.7K

๐Ÿ“‹ Key Findings

1Billed $4.6M over 10 years
22.24x markup ratio (above median)
396th percentile in Ophthalmology by payments
4Payments surged 86% in 2016
56 procedures with >3x markup
โœ“ No flags detected

๐Ÿ”Ž Data Analysis

This provider's $4.6M in total Medicare payments ranks in the 96th percentile of Ophthalmology providers nationally.

Medicare payments to this provider grew 81% from 2014 to 2023.

AI-generated analysis based on Medicare payment data.

Annual Medicare Payments

Annual Services Provided

Avg Payment per Service

Markup Ratio Over Time

๐Ÿ“ˆ

Notable: Payments increased 86% in 2016

Year-over-year payment surges can indicate changes in practice volume, new services, or billing pattern shifts.

Submitted Charges vs. Medicare Payments

Average per-service amounts submitted by the provider compared to what Medicare actually paid โ€” the gap represents the markup.

YearAvg SubmittedAvg PaidMarkup RatioGap per ServiceTotal PaymentsServicesBeneficiaries
2014$360.73$139.622.58x$221.11$233.6K3.0K1.7K
2015$391.84$154.172.54x$237.67$331.9K3.7K2.0K
2016$1.0K$303.723.37x$718.56$616.8K6.3K3.2K
2017$335.96$139.332.41x$196.63$453.2K5.5K3.1K
2018$752.55$220.873.41x$531.68$494.7K6.3K3.3K
2019$759.48$228.333.33x$531.15$562.8K7.6K3.8K
2020$320.55$141.632.26x$178.92$485.5K7.2K3.6K
2021$333.54$144.582.31x$188.96$519.0K7.6K4.2K
2022$334.06$135.552.46x$198.51$449.6K7.5K4.2K
2023$337.17$136.332.47x$200.84$423.1K7.6K4.3K

Top Procedures (20)

99215Established patient office or other outpatient, visit typically 40 minutes
$856.7K
6.9K services$123.75/svc1.95x markup
68810Insertion of probe into the tear duct
$682.0K
3.0K services$226.87/svc1.94x markup
92250Photography of the retina
$531.9K
11.4K services$46.52/svc2.40x markup
99205New patient office or other outpatient visit, typically 60 minutes
$475.9K
2.8K services$167.28/svc2.11x markup
92083Measurement of field of vision during daylight conditions
$441.6K
8.2K services$54.09/svc1.81x markup
92060Measurement of eye muscles to detect deviation of eyeball
$337.9K
6.4K services$52.44/svc1.87x markup
67966Removal of over one-fourth of the eyelid involving lid margin
$289.9K
422 services$686.90/svc2.83x markup
92285Photography of content of eyesโš  3.2x markup
$203.3K
12.2K services$16.66/svc3.18x markup
92133Diagnostic imaging of optic nerve of eye
$197.0K
6.5K services$30.45/svc2.56x markup
64612Injection of chemical for destruction of nerve muscles on one side of face
$147.8K
892 services$165.71/svc2.47x markup
99214Established patient office or other outpatient, visit typically 25 minutes
$140.8K
1.3K services$105.94/svc2.41x markup
99204New patient office or other outpatient visit, typically 45 minutes
$137.1K
1.0K services$131.09/svc2.74x markup
15733Creation of flap graft to head and/or neckโš  4.1x markup
$21.5K
25 services$859.95/svc4.09x markup
15732Muscle flap wound repair at head and neckโš  3.3x markup
$20.6K
19 services$1.1K/svc3.25x markup
15260Relocation of patient skin to nose, ears, eyelids, and/or lips (20 sq centimeters or less)โš  5.1x markup
$18.0K
39 services$461.70/svc5.11x markup
14060Tissue transfer repair of wound (10 sq centimeters or less) of eyelids, nose, ears, and/or lipsโš  5.3x markup
$17.1K
49 services$348.78/svc5.27x markup
92014Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient, 1 or more visits
$15.2K
142 services$106.78/svc1.88x markup
15004Preparation of graft site of face, scalp, eyelids, mouth, neck, ears, eye region, genitals, hands, feet, and/or multiple fingers or toes (first 100 sq cm or 1% body area of infants and children)
$13.3K
39 services$341.31/svc2.72x markup
67917Extensive repair of turning-outward eyelid defectโš  3.0x markup
$7.3K
14 services$523.40/svc3.05x markup
67312Realignment of the eye with repair of two horizontal eye muscles
$6.7K
11 services$609.40/svc2.68x markup
Show detailed table โ–พ
CodeDescriptionServicesPaymentsAvg/ServiceMarkup
99215Established patient office or other outpatient, visit typically 40 minutes6.9K$856.7K$123.751.95x
68810Insertion of probe into the tear duct3.0K$682.0K$226.871.94x
92250Photography of the retina11.4K$531.9K$46.522.40x
99205New patient office or other outpatient visit, typically 60 minutes2.8K$475.9K$167.282.11x
92083Measurement of field of vision during daylight conditions8.2K$441.6K$54.091.81x
92060Measurement of eye muscles to detect deviation of eyeball6.4K$337.9K$52.441.87x
67966Removal of over one-fourth of the eyelid involving lid margin422$289.9K$686.902.83x
92285Photography of content of eyes12.2K$203.3K$16.663.18x
92133Diagnostic imaging of optic nerve of eye6.5K$197.0K$30.452.56x
64612Injection of chemical for destruction of nerve muscles on one side of face892$147.8K$165.712.47x
99214Established patient office or other outpatient, visit typically 25 minutes1.3K$140.8K$105.942.41x
99204New patient office or other outpatient visit, typically 45 minutes1.0K$137.1K$131.092.74x
15733Creation of flap graft to head and/or neck25$21.5K$859.954.09x
15732Muscle flap wound repair at head and neck19$20.6K$1.1K3.25x
15260Relocation of patient skin to nose, ears, eyelids, and/or lips (20 sq centimeters or less)39$18.0K$461.705.11x
14060Tissue transfer repair of wound (10 sq centimeters or less) of eyelids, nose, ears, and/or lips49$17.1K$348.785.27x
92014Eye and medical examination for diagnosis and treatment, established patient, 1 or more visits142$15.2K$106.781.88x
15004Preparation of graft site of face, scalp, eyelids, mouth, neck, ears, eye region, genitals, hands, feet, and/or multiple fingers or toes (first 100 sq cm or 1% body area of infants and children)39$13.3K$341.312.72x
67917Extensive repair of turning-outward eyelid defect14$7.3K$523.403.05x
67312Realignment of the eye with repair of two horizontal eye muscles11$6.7K$609.402.68x

Markup Analysis

Charge-to-Payment Ratio

2.24x

This provider submits charges 2.24 times higher than what Medicare actually pays.

What This Means

A markup ratio of 2.24x means for every $100 Medicare pays, this provider initially charges $224. This is higher than the national average.

Location

Redlands, CA

Provider Verification

Always verify provider credentials and location before scheduling appointments. This data reflects Medicare payments and may not include all practice locations.

Similar Providers

Other Ophthalmology providers in CA for peer comparison.

Madhu Agarwal (you)
$4.6M
Nathan Steinle, M.D.
$63.1M
Stephen Couvillion, MD
$47.7M
Margaret Chang, M.D.
$47.6M
David Boyer, MD
$47.5M
Alessandro Castellarin, M.D.
$46.9M
Show detailed table โ–พ
ProviderLocationTotal PaymentsStatus
Nathan Steinle, M.D.Santa Barbara, CA$63.1Mโœ“ Clear
Stephen Couvillion, MDSanta Barbara, CA$47.7Mโœ“ Clear
Margaret Chang, M.D.Sacramento, CA$47.6Mโœ“ Clear
David Boyer, MDLos Angeles, CA$47.5Mโœ“ Clear
Alessandro Castellarin, M.D.Santa Barbara, CA$46.9Mโœ“ Clear

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Data Sources

  • โ€ข Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
  • โ€ข Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data (2014-2023)
  • โ€ข National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES)

Last Updated: February 2026 (data through 2023, the latest CMS release)

Note: All data is from publicly available Medicare records. OpenMedicare is an independent journalism project not affiliated with CMS.

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