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Data Sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data
Disclaimer: This site is an independent journalism project. Data analysis and editorial content are not affiliated with or endorsed by CMS or any government agency. All spending figures are based on publicly available Medicare payment records.
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Methodology•Download Data
  1. Home
  2. Procedures
  3. 77002
  4. Cost Analysis

How Much Does Fluoroscopic guidance for needle placement Cost on Medicare?

Cost analysis for CPT 77002 — Fluoroscopic guidance for needle placement

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Average Medicare Payment

$54.50

2023 data

Total Payments (2023)

$35.0M

Services (2023)

480.3K

Price Change (2014–2023)

+26.4%

📈 Year-over-Year Cost Trend

YearAvg PaymentTotal PaymentsServicesYoY Change
2014$43.13$19.3M320.4K—
2015$40.90$20.7M371.3K-5.2%
2016$41.05$24.3M430.3K+0.4%
2017$41.50$23.4M412.8K+1.1%
2018$43.01$23.5M409.7K+3.6%
2019$46.29$28.8M462.3K+7.6%
2020$51.53$27.5M400.0K+11.3%
2021$55.06$35.7M476.5K+6.9%
2022$54.93$36.7M491.4K-0.2%
2023$54.50$35.0M480.3K-0.8%

🗺️ State-by-State Cost Variation

The most expensive state pays 3.9x more than the cheapest for this procedure. NY averages $96.45 vs WV at $24.61.

StateAvg PaymentTotal PaymentsServicesProviders
NY$96.45$3.3M34.6K307
NJ$95.71$1.4M14.7K137
PR$87.10$248.1K2.8K2
IL$85.03$4.2M49.4K326
AK$83.16$74.0K89023
FL$81.04$4.0M49.7K576
DE$80.28$78.8K98120
CT$79.84$176.0K2.2K63
AZ$76.29$1.4M18.8K231
NV$75.53$150.1K2.0K51
CO$75.38$271.8K3.6K85
CA$74.88$1.6M21.5K438
UT$74.41$368.2K4.9K87
VA$74.37$1.5M20.0K222
KY$73.27$1.2M16.4K119
TX$73.19$3.1M42.1K562
MD$72.71$459.9K6.3K126
NC$72.62$1.5M20.6K297
SC$72.40$1.0M14.1K151
GA$71.98$1.4M19.1K235
WA$66.68$420.8K6.3K169
PA$66.48$808.7K12.2K262
AL$66.13$199.3K3.0K75
NM$65.84$79.5K1.2K31
OR$65.58$195.5K3.0K87
MI$63.04$528.9K8.4K196
NE$62.48$326.0K5.2K66
OH$61.76$864.3K14.0K227
ME$59.54$92.9K1.6K31
TN$58.97$315.7K5.4K115
IA$56.81$246.5K4.3K85
MN$55.84$374.2K6.7K175
NH$55.43$203.4K3.7K71
LA$53.46$154.5K2.9K68
MA$50.46$595.6K11.8K208
MO$50.44$513.6K10.2K186
WI$49.79$350.1K7.0K184
AR$49.31$139.7K2.8K74
OK$48.77$229.0K4.7K100
RI$48.75$27.1K55612
IN$48.15$322.5K6.7K177
KS$41.95$166.2K4.0K97
MS$41.80$110.9K2.7K53
DC$38.70$9.1K23610
ID$36.46$58.9K1.6K52
ND$35.08$31.3K89124
SD$33.04$42.0K1.3K34
VT$32.78$22.3K68017
MT$32.72$28.4K86724
WY$26.57$10.2K38513
WV$24.61$30.4K1.2K25

💰 Who Bills the Most for This Procedure?

ProviderSpecialtyStatePaymentsServicesAvg/Service
Rahul KhapekarFamily PracticeIL$1.3M14.1K$94.98
Ermin ArriolaPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationIL$603.0K6.3K$95.16
Hubert FrankeGeneral PracticeNJ$596.4K5.8K$103.04
Robert StreisandVascular SurgeryNY$574.9K5.2K$110.58
Pamela HarstonPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationKY$444.9K5.4K$82.37
Nicholas ManolitsisPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationIL$444.2K4.7K$95.27
Faisal AliInternal MedicineNY$353.1K3.2K$110.51
Robert PrichepGeneral SurgeryNY$332.9K3.1K$105.77
Duan CopelandGeneral PracticeAZ$314.0K3.6K$87.50
Jason FoggPain ManagementKY$276.4K3.3K$83.66
Valerie StarnesNurse PractitionerFL$269.5K3.4K$78.79
Joezer Lugo RanalPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationPR$246.8K2.8K$87.10
Patricia BornhorstPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationOH$234.4K2.8K$84.78
Lisa PersynPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationTX$212.8K2.5K$85.38
Peter MinneciFamily PracticeVA$203.2K2.3K$89.12
John FloresFamily PracticeTX$189.6K2.0K$92.58
Scot ParisGeneral SurgeryPA$184.3K1.8K$102.20
Samuel UzabelHospice and Palliative CareFL$181.4K2.1K$88.12
Daniel McmanusEmergency MedicineSC$171.5K2.0K$83.83
Katrina NguyenEmergency MedicineFL$156.1K1.6K$96.56

🤔 Is Fluoroscopic guidance for needle placement Overpriced?

The data suggests significant pricing inconsistencies for CPT 77002. With a 3.9x price gap between the most and least expensive states, geography plays an outsized role in what Medicare pays for this procedure.

Costs have risen 26.4% since 2014, outpacing inflation and raising questions about whether reimbursement rates reflect actual costs.

This analysis is based on publicly available CMS data and does not account for patient complexity, comorbidities, or facility-specific factors that may justify pricing differences.

Data Sources

  • • Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
  • • Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data (2014-2023)
  • • Medicare Physician Fee Schedule

Note: All data is from publicly available Medicare records. OpenMedicare is an independent journalism project not affiliated with CMS.